How do you stop working and enjoy some idle time? Think of something easier to do. For me it was to drive around in an old car. Of course I picked an old car that just needs a wee bit of work. I had picked a pretty darn original Lincoln that just appeared to need some routine maintenence. See my story Continental Mark V. So here I sit, contemplating idle time.
I had left the Mark V story with a car that did not idle. I have been thinking of different ways to correct that problem. Then life handed me a different problem. Lots of pain and a bag attached to my pee wee. Ugh. With respect to my childhood hero Speed Racer I just wanted to hop into the powerful Mark V and drive to the nearby Fells and then go for a walk. Unbelievably my plan was foiled by that villain KAOS. Thank you, Get Smart! Seems there is always an unknown villain in real life?
What I had been planning to do was to grab a 3/4″ socket and a breaker bar. Then I was going to twist the bolt that attaches the harmonic balancer to the crankshaft till the rotor atop the distributor pointed at the number one cylinder wire. Then I was going to remove the number one plug and and place a pencil or something that similar in the hole. I would the twist the aforementioned bolt until the pencil was at its highest.
Now there would be two important things to do. First would be to check the numbers on the harmonic balancer to see if 0 degrees is indicated. I have read that the balancer can shift and the numbers can be in the wrong place. If the numbers are in the wrong place the car will be impossible to time correctly. The other thing I would do is to rotate the bolt back and forth and see if the distributor rotor moves.
Back when I was in college I had a 1970 Mustang convertible with a 302. Sometimes it ran a bit rough, and eventually it did not start. I called a garage and they came and towed it away. It turned out that the timing chain had jumped. The timing sprocket was made of plastic to reduce noise. The plastic fell apart and the chain jumped time. It is a common problem with cars of the era. It is a pretty good chance that the same problem would happen to my car. Anything more than a few degrees of play or lash when I rotated the crank and observed the rotor would indicate a problem.
Before I make any more decisions about what to do with the car I want to check the timing. Maybe all my problems are related to bad timing. Of course I expect the worst, that way I won’t be disappointed. So I have made plans for if there are problems. Ideally there is no play in the timing chain andthe timing is off, I reset the timing and the car runs fine. Or the timing is fine, and there is no play in the chain. Then would have to check for problems in the distributor. Replacing the distributor is not to bad, they are under a hundred dollars. Yet problems with the distributor are unlikely cause idling issues.
My best guess at the moment is there is a problem with the timing chain. Parts are under $300, however there are a few dozen hard to get at bolts. Included in the estimate is a new water pump and harmonic balancer. While in there might as well replace things that may also fail. Unfortunately I am in no shape at the moment to do this work. So I will write about my plans instead.
Something I did not realize when I bought the Mark V was that emission standards for automobiles came into place in 1970. It is illegal to modify a engine built in 1970 or later. What if I were to want to make it better? New cars are so much cleaner and better than cars built in 1978. Legally I could improve a 1969 Lincoln, but not a ’78. Before I knew this I was thinking to restore the car to original and get some baseline measurements. Also to see what it was like in 1978. I do remember people complaining about drivablity back then. I also remember the smog. We are so much better now, in both drivablity and smog.
Back in 1978 cars were allowed 3.38 grams per mile of Hydrocarbons and .40 grams per mile of Nitrogen Oxides. Hydrocarbons are unburned fuel in the exhaust and Nitrogen Oxides are caused by high combustion temperatures. A very simple explanation is a very efficient burn of fuel causes high temperatures that resulted in high Nitrogen Oxides. Nitrogen Oxides were actually visible. Something that could bee seen as smog. The way to reduce smog was to make combustion less efficient. Oh, burn more gas to make a cleaner sky, OK. Then again less efficient combustion causes unburned Hydrocarbons. Back in the day part of the solution was to pump fresh air into the combustion chamber. Adding external air would lower the temperature and displace fuel intake. By all counts today, it was a primitive method of reducing emissions. Almost all cars back then had carburetors and air pumps. Porsche and a few others used mechanical fuel injection. I belive they all used air pumps. The exception was Volkswagen. Volkswagen introduced Boch D-Jetronic electric fuel injection in 1967. In 1978 Volkswagen did not use air pumps to get their emissions down. D-Jetronic is the system that is the grandaddy to all the little computers and sensors carefully measure parameters to determine the best fuel air ratio in today’s automobiles. Interestingly Boch bought the patent rights for this system from AMC Rambler who developed the system way back in the 1950’s. This was the beginning of today’s EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection).
It would be seemingly obvious that if I wanted to improve my old Lincoln I would modify it with EFI. In fact the number one advertisement in my Facebook news feed is Aces Fuel Injection. Talk about Artificial Intelligence! Clean air is essentially a balancing act in combustion. The computer does a better job. Problem is that it is basically illegal. Looking closely at the Aces website it say it is only for use on non emission vehicles sold before 1968. Huh? I had read that you could modify your old car if the new parts were CARB compliant. CARB being an acronym for California Air Resources Board. Yes, I want to replace my carb with EFI. After looking for CARB compliant EFI’s I found the Holly Atomic EFI, and only the Holly Atomic. Reading the fine print on their website I discovered that it was only compliant for GM vehicles. Here is my sad face 😞.
However I persevered. On the internet I found 460 efi guys. I should explain that the engine in the Lincoln is a 460 cubic inch engine. 1978 was the last year it was used in Lincolns, however the 460 carried on till 1997 in trucks. In 1998 Ford put fuel injection on the 460. The “460 efi guys” put the newer 460 efi systems on older 460 engines. On their website they even have a $3600 conversion kit. They also claim I can put my original air cleaner on the kit. Technically this should be legal, as it is a newer system in an older vehicle. Yet it could be argued as it is a truck system in an automobile it would be noncompliant.
Actually keeping my original air filter is a priority. My insurance company says that I am allowed to modify my engine with up to 50 additional horse power. Modified engines almost always have a modified air filter. Plus I like my air filter, it is very cool because it has an oil filter. Or what looks like an oil filter. lt is actually an intake muffler. Whatever, I want to keep it original. I think it looks better that way. It will also keep me insurance compliant.
So as much as I want to keep my car original, it is not that common. In advertisements for old Lincoln’s that say they run good, there is typically an aftermarket carburetor. Either an Elderbrock or Holly. Most often there is a aftermarket intake manifold. Typically an Elderbrock. Drivablity is what is most important to me. Then I would like to be emissions compliant. A little more efficiency and power would be good too.
Looking at my Facebook friend Aces I see that I would need to change my intake manifold. My car has a spread bore carburetor versus the Aces square bore throttle body full injection. To be fair, any choice of throttle body would require a new intake manifold. The Ford spread bore is unique, and not supported. So, a full Aces kit would be around $1500 with another $400 for a intake manifold. As with othe systems, I would have to modify my fuel tank for a fuel pump. So we are talking a couple grand.
There are a number of other similar systems with similar prices. All quasi legal. I have found no good documentation showing these systems work. In a way I could understand why. To show that the system works for you, you would be admitting that you have modified the original system without documentation. Documentation costs money. Lots of testing machines and certification. There is no easy way to document emissions without paying lots of expenses.
In 2015 West Virginia University published a report on Volkswagen diesel emissions. Unable to afford the latest emissions equipment with their $70,000 grant they managed to make some substitute equipment. The sophisticated emissions software in the Volkswagen was not programed to detect that it was actually being tested for emissions in that case. I had some thoughts on trying to replicate West Virginia’s methodology as I have their actual paper. But that would be an absolute bother. Really, how do you actually test programming in individual cases.
Looking at the 460 EFI guys kit I see that it has multi-port fuel injection. That is a system where each cylinder receives its own shot of fuel. In other kits the fuel is injected at the throttle body and the manifold delivers the fuel. The fuel distribution may be slightly uneven. Newer cars almost always have multi-port injection. Looking at the EFI guys kit I see it uses an Elderbrock manifold.
Elderbrock also has a multi-port EFI system. It is only $2200. That includes the manifold. I would have to add a fuel pump and a few other thing. Maybe $500 max. No mention if I could use my original air filter. EFI guys may have better support though?
I just want the car to idle well, sure I could just turn up the idle and it would run. I think that is what the previous owner did. I hope that maybe a timing adjustment would fix it. Yet I fear I may have to bring it up to the modern era. Cars these days are so much better to drive than the cars back then.
Wish me luck, I want to get better, and go for a drive. Then maybe a walk through the Fells.